SSL/TLS Certificate – The Secure Padlock

SSL (Secure Sockets Layer) and its modern successor, TLS (Transport Layer Security), are technologies that keep internet connections secure. They protect sensitive data sent between systems, preventing hackers from reading or modifying the information.

1. How it Works: The "Handshake"

When a visitor enters your site, a handshake occurs in milliseconds:

• The Request: The browser asks the server to identify itself.
• The Certificate: The server sends a copy of its SSL certificate.
• The Validation: The browser checks if the certificate is trusted.
• The Encryption: Once trusted, a unique "session key" encrypts all data moving back and forth.

2. Visible Signs of Security

• The Padlock Icon: Appears to the left of the URL in the address bar.
• HTTPS:// The "S" stands for Secure (non-secure sites use http://).
• Trust Seals: Some sites display "Secure Site" badges on checkout pages to increase buyer confidence.

3. Types of SSL Certificates

4. Why SSL is Mandatory in 2025

• SEO Boost: Google ranks HTTPS websites higher.
• Avoid "Not Secure" Warnings: Browsers show warnings for non-SSL sites, which can drive away visitors.
• PCI Compliance: Required for accepting credit card payments legally and technically.
• Data Privacy: Protects user passwords, personal details, and credit card info from attacks.

5. Free vs. Paid SSL

• Free SSL: Provided via Let’s Encrypt. Suitable for 95% of websites; automatically renewed every 90 days.
• Paid SSL: Ideal for big brands; includes warranty and higher-level verification (OV/EV).